List Of Endangered Animals of Nepal
1. Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)
Red pandas are found in the western forests of Nepal and the southwestern mountain slopes of China. Weighing up to 6 kg, they can grow to about 50 – 63 cm in length. They have a signature reddish-brown, thick fur, and have a raccoon-like appearance. The thick fur coat protects against the harsh cold; the fur is sought after by poachers because of its high value. The red panda is endangered mostly due to loss of habitat caused by Deforestation. It usually lives in thick bamboo forests, which are being cleared for land, fuel, and timber.
2. Snow Leopard (Uncia uncia)
The snow leopards are distributed mostly in the mountainous regions of Mustang, Mugu, Dolpo, and Humla. Characterized by its smoky grey fur coat covered by dark grey spots, the snow leopard weighs about 35-55 kg and grows up to 1.8 – 2.3m. They have long bushy tails with significantly large paws to aid in climbing mountains. Along with the effects of global warming and the interference of human activities, snow leopards have been gravely affected. The pelts and bones of the snow leopard are used for making medicines and thus are poached.
3. Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
Bengal Tigers are known to be the most ferocious tigers among all. Native to the Indian sub-continent, they are one of the largest big cats of Asia. They weigh about 250 kg and can measure up to almost 3m in length. The Tigers have unique stripe patterns on their golden-brown skin, and the very character almost led to its extinction due to over poaching and hunting. There are about 235 Tigers in Nepal according to the census of 2018. They face a significant threat of being extinct in the wild and are hence one of the most endangered animals in Nepal.
4. One-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)
Known all around by its characteristic one horn, this is one exotic beast. Weighing up to 2-2.5 metric tons and growing to near 3.7-3.8m, this animal is exclusive to the Indian sub-continent. They usually prefer a solitary life but also move in herds sometimes. The one-horned rhino is mostly hunted for its prized horn which is made up of Keratin. Found only in India and Nepal, many efforts have been made to protect these rare animals.
5. Himalayan Musk Deer (Moschus leucogaster)
The Himalayan Musk deer measures up to 1 m and weighs about 11-18 kg. They are found in the Himalayan regions of Nepal, India, Pakistan, and China. Both male and female musk deer have well-developed upper canine teeth which grow out in a fang-like manner. The Musk deer are high in demand because of their scent glands. The poachers poach them as the glands are considered to be more valuable than gold. The scent gland of the musk deer is used to make perfumes and oriental medicines.
6. Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica)
Ganges River Dolphins are one of the 4 freshwater dolphins. They live in the Ganges and Brahmaputra River and their tributaries which are located in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. These dolphins are greyish brown in color and grow to the lengths of about 2.67m. The Ganges River dolphins lack an eye lens, and hence, it is also called “the blind dolphin." These dolphins live in one of the most densely populated regions in the world and are threatened by loss of habitat. Construction of dams, irrigation projects, and river pollution contribute to the destruction of the homes of these mammals.
7. Swamp Deer (Cervus duvauceli)
The swamp deer is also known as "Barasingha". They move in massive herds and sometimes even combine herds to make a single herd of about 1000 deer. The male stag weighs about 170-280 kg while the females weigh about 140 kg. They can be found in the Suklaphanta wildlife reserve. They are strict grazers and depend upon grasslands for food. Because the destruction of grasslands for land and food for cattle, these deer face extinction.
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